1 00:00:05,759 --> 00:00:08,950 each year some 200 000 americans undergo 2 00:00:08,950 --> 00:00:08,960 each year some 200 000 americans undergo 3 00:00:08,960 --> 00:00:11,030 each year some 200 000 americans undergo bypass surgery for coronary heart 4 00:00:11,030 --> 00:00:11,040 bypass surgery for coronary heart 5 00:00:11,040 --> 00:00:12,310 bypass surgery for coronary heart disease 6 00:00:12,310 --> 00:00:12,320 disease 7 00:00:12,320 --> 00:00:14,709 disease most coronary heart disease is caused by 8 00:00:14,709 --> 00:00:14,719 most coronary heart disease is caused by 9 00:00:14,719 --> 00:00:16,870 most coronary heart disease is caused by arteries clogged with plaque and fatty 10 00:00:16,870 --> 00:00:16,880 arteries clogged with plaque and fatty 11 00:00:16,880 --> 00:00:18,470 arteries clogged with plaque and fatty deposits 12 00:00:18,470 --> 00:00:18,480 deposits 13 00:00:18,480 --> 00:00:20,710 deposits in a very limited number of cases an 14 00:00:20,710 --> 00:00:20,720 in a very limited number of cases an 15 00:00:20,720 --> 00:00:23,429 in a very limited number of cases an inflatable balloon catheter can be used 16 00:00:23,429 --> 00:00:23,439 inflatable balloon catheter can be used 17 00:00:23,439 --> 00:00:25,269 inflatable balloon catheter can be used to squeeze the obstruction out of the 18 00:00:25,269 --> 00:00:25,279 to squeeze the obstruction out of the 19 00:00:25,279 --> 00:00:26,310 to squeeze the obstruction out of the way 20 00:00:26,310 --> 00:00:26,320 way 21 00:00:26,320 --> 00:00:28,790 way to treat multiple blockages bypass 22 00:00:28,790 --> 00:00:28,800 to treat multiple blockages bypass 23 00:00:28,800 --> 00:00:31,589 to treat multiple blockages bypass surgery is the only available treatment 24 00:00:31,589 --> 00:00:31,599 surgery is the only available treatment 25 00:00:31,599 --> 00:00:34,870 surgery is the only available treatment 20-30 000 procedure requiring weeks of 26 00:00:34,870 --> 00:00:34,880 20-30 000 procedure requiring weeks of 27 00:00:34,880 --> 00:00:36,790 20-30 000 procedure requiring weeks of recovery time 28 00:00:36,790 --> 00:00:36,800 recovery time 29 00:00:36,800 --> 00:00:39,590 recovery time new technology like this eczema laser 30 00:00:39,590 --> 00:00:39,600 new technology like this eczema laser 31 00:00:39,600 --> 00:00:41,750 new technology like this eczema laser and the fiber optic device called an 32 00:00:41,750 --> 00:00:41,760 and the fiber optic device called an 33 00:00:41,760 --> 00:00:44,229 and the fiber optic device called an angioscope hold great promise for 34 00:00:44,229 --> 00:00:44,239 angioscope hold great promise for 35 00:00:44,239 --> 00:00:45,830 angioscope hold great promise for revolutionizing the treatment of 36 00:00:45,830 --> 00:00:45,840 revolutionizing the treatment of 37 00:00:45,840 --> 00:00:48,150 revolutionizing the treatment of coronary heart disease 38 00:00:48,150 --> 00:00:48,160 coronary heart disease 39 00:00:48,160 --> 00:00:50,549 coronary heart disease pulsing a billionth of a second bursts 40 00:00:50,549 --> 00:00:50,559 pulsing a billionth of a second bursts 41 00:00:50,559 --> 00:00:53,430 pulsing a billionth of a second bursts of ultraviolet light the eczema laser 42 00:00:53,430 --> 00:00:53,440 of ultraviolet light the eczema laser 43 00:00:53,440 --> 00:00:55,430 of ultraviolet light the eczema laser represents technology originally 44 00:00:55,430 --> 00:00:55,440 represents technology originally 45 00:00:55,440 --> 00:00:57,510 represents technology originally developed by a group of researchers at 46 00:00:57,510 --> 00:00:57,520 developed by a group of researchers at 47 00:00:57,520 --> 00:00:59,750 developed by a group of researchers at nasa's jet propulsion laboratory in 48 00:00:59,750 --> 00:00:59,760 nasa's jet propulsion laboratory in 49 00:00:59,760 --> 00:01:01,990 nasa's jet propulsion laboratory in pasadena california 50 00:01:01,990 --> 00:01:02,000 pasadena california 51 00:01:02,000 --> 00:01:04,310 pasadena california doctors at the cedars sinai medical 52 00:01:04,310 --> 00:01:04,320 doctors at the cedars sinai medical 53 00:01:04,320 --> 00:01:06,310 doctors at the cedars sinai medical center in los angeles have teamed up 54 00:01:06,310 --> 00:01:06,320 center in los angeles have teamed up 55 00:01:06,320 --> 00:01:08,310 center in los angeles have teamed up with jpl and are working on an 56 00:01:08,310 --> 00:01:08,320 with jpl and are working on an 57 00:01:08,320 --> 00:01:10,710 with jpl and are working on an angioscope which will allow a surgeon to 58 00:01:10,710 --> 00:01:10,720 angioscope which will allow a surgeon to 59 00:01:10,720 --> 00:01:13,350 angioscope which will allow a surgeon to see obstructions as well as transmit 60 00:01:13,350 --> 00:01:13,360 see obstructions as well as transmit 61 00:01:13,360 --> 00:01:16,070 see obstructions as well as transmit laser energy to vaporize plaque from 62 00:01:16,070 --> 00:01:16,080 laser energy to vaporize plaque from 63 00:01:16,080 --> 00:01:18,070 laser energy to vaporize plaque from arteries 64 00:01:18,070 --> 00:01:18,080 arteries 65 00:01:18,080 --> 00:01:19,670 arteries cedars sinai's director of 66 00:01:19,670 --> 00:01:19,680 cedars sinai's director of 67 00:01:19,680 --> 00:01:21,910 cedars sinai's director of cardiovascular research dr james 68 00:01:21,910 --> 00:01:21,920 cardiovascular research dr james 69 00:01:21,920 --> 00:01:24,070 cardiovascular research dr james forrester the way we would plan to do 70 00:01:24,070 --> 00:01:24,080 forrester the way we would plan to do 71 00:01:24,080 --> 00:01:26,870 forrester the way we would plan to do the procedure is to make a small 72 00:01:26,870 --> 00:01:26,880 the procedure is to make a small 73 00:01:26,880 --> 00:01:29,990 the procedure is to make a small incision either in the arm or the leg 74 00:01:29,990 --> 00:01:30,000 incision either in the arm or the leg 75 00:01:30,000 --> 00:01:34,230 incision either in the arm or the leg and pass a catheter or small tube 76 00:01:34,230 --> 00:01:34,240 and pass a catheter or small tube 77 00:01:34,240 --> 00:01:36,630 and pass a catheter or small tube up to the location where an obstruction 78 00:01:36,630 --> 00:01:36,640 up to the location where an obstruction 79 00:01:36,640 --> 00:01:39,109 up to the location where an obstruction in a blood vessel existed 80 00:01:39,109 --> 00:01:39,119 in a blood vessel existed 81 00:01:39,119 --> 00:01:41,350 in a blood vessel existed we would be able to see it through our 82 00:01:41,350 --> 00:01:41,360 we would be able to see it through our 83 00:01:41,360 --> 00:01:43,429 we would be able to see it through our fiber optic device 84 00:01:43,429 --> 00:01:43,439 fiber optic device 85 00:01:43,439 --> 00:01:46,389 fiber optic device and then we would under visual control 86 00:01:46,389 --> 00:01:46,399 and then we would under visual control 87 00:01:46,399 --> 00:01:49,270 and then we would under visual control deliver energy that would instantly 88 00:01:49,270 --> 00:01:49,280 deliver energy that would instantly 89 00:01:49,280 --> 00:01:51,590 deliver energy that would instantly vaporize that obstruction 90 00:01:51,590 --> 00:01:51,600 vaporize that obstruction 91 00:01:51,600 --> 00:01:53,510 vaporize that obstruction restoring blood flow in that blood 92 00:01:53,510 --> 00:01:53,520 restoring blood flow in that blood 93 00:01:53,520 --> 00:01:54,870 restoring blood flow in that blood vessel 94 00:01:54,870 --> 00:01:54,880 vessel 95 00:01:54,880 --> 00:01:57,190 vessel the technique called laser coronary 96 00:01:57,190 --> 00:01:57,200 the technique called laser coronary 97 00:01:57,200 --> 00:01:59,510 the technique called laser coronary angioplasty is in the pre-clinical 98 00:01:59,510 --> 00:01:59,520 angioplasty is in the pre-clinical 99 00:01:59,520 --> 00:02:01,510 angioplasty is in the pre-clinical stages of development with patient 100 00:02:01,510 --> 00:02:01,520 stages of development with patient 101 00:02:01,520 --> 00:02:03,350 stages of development with patient testing scheduled to begin in a couple 102 00:02:03,350 --> 00:02:03,360 testing scheduled to begin in a couple 103 00:02:03,360 --> 00:02:04,630 testing scheduled to begin in a couple of years 104 00:02:04,630 --> 00:02:04,640 of years 105 00:02:04,640 --> 00:02:06,789 of years the key to this surgical technique is 106 00:02:06,789 --> 00:02:06,799 the key to this surgical technique is 107 00:02:06,799 --> 00:02:09,270 the key to this surgical technique is being able to vaporize plaque with true 108 00:02:09,270 --> 00:02:09,280 being able to vaporize plaque with true 109 00:02:09,280 --> 00:02:11,910 being able to vaporize plaque with true precision removing small amounts at a 110 00:02:11,910 --> 00:02:11,920 precision removing small amounts at a 111 00:02:11,920 --> 00:02:14,470 precision removing small amounts at a time without causing any heat damage to 112 00:02:14,470 --> 00:02:14,480 time without causing any heat damage to 113 00:02:14,480 --> 00:02:16,309 time without causing any heat damage to the tissue what we'd like to show is 114 00:02:16,309 --> 00:02:16,319 the tissue what we'd like to show is 115 00:02:16,319 --> 00:02:18,630 the tissue what we'd like to show is that we could remove material without 116 00:02:18,630 --> 00:02:18,640 that we could remove material without 117 00:02:18,640 --> 00:02:20,949 that we could remove material without doing heat damage to surrounding tissue 118 00:02:20,949 --> 00:02:20,959 doing heat damage to surrounding tissue 119 00:02:20,959 --> 00:02:23,270 doing heat damage to surrounding tissue so i'll take an ordinary match and i'll 120 00:02:23,270 --> 00:02:23,280 so i'll take an ordinary match and i'll 121 00:02:23,280 --> 00:02:27,430 so i'll take an ordinary match and i'll put it near the focus of the laser beam 122 00:02:27,430 --> 00:02:27,440 123 00:02:27,440 --> 00:02:29,430 you can see i've eaten away half the 124 00:02:29,430 --> 00:02:29,440 you can see i've eaten away half the 125 00:02:29,440 --> 00:02:31,110 you can see i've eaten away half the head of the match with the laser beam 126 00:02:31,110 --> 00:02:31,120 head of the match with the laser beam 127 00:02:31,120 --> 00:02:36,869 head of the match with the laser beam but have not let it on fire 128 00:02:36,869 --> 00:02:36,879 129 00:02:36,879 --> 00:02:39,110 this demonstrates how we can 130 00:02:39,110 --> 00:02:39,120 this demonstrates how we can 131 00:02:39,120 --> 00:02:41,830 this demonstrates how we can cut tissue without causing thermal 132 00:02:41,830 --> 00:02:41,840 cut tissue without causing thermal 133 00:02:41,840 --> 00:02:44,309 cut tissue without causing thermal damage to the surrounding cases 134 00:02:44,309 --> 00:02:44,319 damage to the surrounding cases 135 00:02:44,319 --> 00:02:46,390 damage to the surrounding cases okay can you just give me a test shot 136 00:02:46,390 --> 00:02:46,400 okay can you just give me a test shot 137 00:02:46,400 --> 00:02:48,949 okay can you just give me a test shot stuart mcdermott of the jpl laser group 138 00:02:48,949 --> 00:02:48,959 stuart mcdermott of the jpl laser group 139 00:02:48,959 --> 00:02:51,430 stuart mcdermott of the jpl laser group demonstrates the eczema's capability on 140 00:02:51,430 --> 00:02:51,440 demonstrates the eczema's capability on 141 00:02:51,440 --> 00:02:53,430 demonstrates the eczema's capability on a section of human aorta heavily 142 00:02:53,430 --> 00:02:53,440 a section of human aorta heavily 143 00:02:53,440 --> 00:03:03,190 a section of human aorta heavily deposited with plaque 144 00:03:03,190 --> 00:03:03,200 145 00:03:03,200 --> 00:03:04,869 you can see this clean 146 00:03:04,869 --> 00:03:04,879 you can see this clean 147 00:03:04,879 --> 00:03:06,949 you can see this clean precisely cut hole has been made by the 148 00:03:06,949 --> 00:03:06,959 precisely cut hole has been made by the 149 00:03:06,959 --> 00:03:08,070 precisely cut hole has been made by the laser 150 00:03:08,070 --> 00:03:08,080 laser 151 00:03:08,080 --> 00:03:09,350 laser note that there's no evidence of 152 00:03:09,350 --> 00:03:09,360 note that there's no evidence of 153 00:03:09,360 --> 00:03:11,589 note that there's no evidence of blackening or any thermal damage either 154 00:03:11,589 --> 00:03:11,599 blackening or any thermal damage either 155 00:03:11,599 --> 00:03:14,309 blackening or any thermal damage either in the hole or to the surrounding areas 156 00:03:14,309 --> 00:03:14,319 in the hole or to the surrounding areas 157 00:03:14,319 --> 00:03:16,470 in the hole or to the surrounding areas this is a magnified cross-section of 158 00:03:16,470 --> 00:03:16,480 this is a magnified cross-section of 159 00:03:16,480 --> 00:03:19,190 this is a magnified cross-section of tissue cut with an eczema laser 160 00:03:19,190 --> 00:03:19,200 tissue cut with an eczema laser 161 00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:20,949 tissue cut with an eczema laser if you compare this to the work of an 162 00:03:20,949 --> 00:03:20,959 if you compare this to the work of an 163 00:03:20,959 --> 00:03:23,990 if you compare this to the work of an argon laser being used in surgery today 164 00:03:23,990 --> 00:03:24,000 argon laser being used in surgery today 165 00:03:24,000 --> 00:03:26,390 argon laser being used in surgery today it is easy to understand why the eczema 166 00:03:26,390 --> 00:03:26,400 it is easy to understand why the eczema 167 00:03:26,400 --> 00:03:28,390 it is easy to understand why the eczema has so much potential 168 00:03:28,390 --> 00:03:28,400 has so much potential 169 00:03:28,400 --> 00:03:31,110 has so much potential argon lasers are very heat intense and 170 00:03:31,110 --> 00:03:31,120 argon lasers are very heat intense and 171 00:03:31,120 --> 00:03:33,190 argon lasers are very heat intense and cause burning and carbonization of the 172 00:03:33,190 --> 00:03:33,200 cause burning and carbonization of the 173 00:03:33,200 --> 00:03:35,509 cause burning and carbonization of the tissue often this effect will cause 174 00:03:35,509 --> 00:03:35,519 tissue often this effect will cause 175 00:03:35,519 --> 00:03:39,190 tissue often this effect will cause blockages to reform in the arteries 176 00:03:39,190 --> 00:03:39,200 blockages to reform in the arteries 177 00:03:39,200 --> 00:03:41,190 blockages to reform in the arteries originally developed for atmospheric 178 00:03:41,190 --> 00:03:41,200 originally developed for atmospheric 179 00:03:41,200 --> 00:03:44,149 originally developed for atmospheric ozone testing the eczema laser may prove 180 00:03:44,149 --> 00:03:44,159 ozone testing the eczema laser may prove 181 00:03:44,159 --> 00:03:46,309 ozone testing the eczema laser may prove to simplify the treatment of coronary 182 00:03:46,309 --> 00:03:46,319 to simplify the treatment of coronary 183 00:03:46,319 --> 00:03:48,710 to simplify the treatment of coronary plaque and help curb america's number 184 00:03:48,710 --> 00:03:48,720 plaque and help curb america's number 185 00:03:48,720 --> 00:03:53,080 plaque and help curb america's number one killer heart disease